A comparative evaluation of nebulized dexmedetomidine and nebulized ketamine as a premedication in pediatric surgeries: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Preoperative anxiety and parental deprivation remains a challenge to anesthesiologists.Dexmedetomidine (DexM) has sedative analgesic effects via central action. Ketamine (KET) is an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that produces state of sedation. Nebulization harmless, rapid absorption, inexpensive administration route. The aim this work was compare the effectiveness aerosolized DexM KET as premedication general anesthesia in pediatric surgeries. Methods: This prospective double-blind randomized controlled research carried out on 60 cases both sexes aged (3-10) years with ASA physical status I, II who were undergoing elective surgery. Cases divided equally into 3 groups; group D (Dexmedetomidine): received dexmedetomidine (3mcg/kg), K (Ketamine): (3 mg/kg) C (control): normal saline without drug. Results: Ramsay sedation scale after 15 minutes insignificant different between KET, 30 significantly better than KET. There significant difference versus separation mask acceptance decrease HR before induction controls. no recovery discharge time all groups. Incidence hypersalivation more controls, while incidence other complications among Conclusions: Aerosolized can be used advantage for preoperative